The Emergency Department Is The Unofficial Primary Care...

Chronic illness, disease, access to primary care, domestic violence, abuse, and intergenerational poverty are all factors contributing to the1.5 million people who experience homelessness each year (Doran et al., 2013; Zlotnick, Zerger, Wolfe, 2013). Compared to 12.3% of the general population, 44% of homeless people rate their health status as fair/poor (Seiler Moss, 2012). This statistic falls in line with research done by Zlotnick et al. (2013), which explains that the homeless population has higher rates of hypertension, respiratory illness, tuberculosis, HIV, and parasite infestations as compared to the general population. Clearly, this population has a heightened need for medical care. Unfortunately there are a number of barriers that add to the homeless populations’ fight for survival. The Emergency Department is the unofficial primary care facility for the homeless. It serves as both a medical center as well as a social work center (Doran et al., 2013). Although priv ate clinics are available for the general public, obstacles such as identification and insurance requirements as well as disrespectful attitudes and apathetic treatment make services difficult and unpleasant for homeless patients to access (Zlotnick et al., 2013). In the Emergency Department, practitioners generally do not ask patients if they are homeless and instead rely on physical appearance such as whether the patient is wearing multiple layers of clothing or whether he/she has dirty fingernailsShow MoreRelatedEssay on Obesity in San Diego County: A Winnable Battle5475 Words   |  22 Pagescountry. San Diego has a semi –arid, Mediterranean climate with an average temperature of 72 degrees and 300 sunny days. There is little precipitation and in 2014 the governor of California declared a statewide drought emergency. (Governor Brown Declares Drought State of Emergency, 2014) The mild sunny climate along with numerous family orientated tourist attractions such as the wor ld renowned San Diego Zoo, SeaWorld, LEGOLAND, Balboa park and 7o miles of pristine beaches make San Diego a year roundRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words   |  820 Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Figure 7.6. The Three Levels of Corporate Culture . . . . . . . Figure 8.1. Mintzberg’s Model of the Organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Figure 8.2. Types of Departments Found in Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Figure 8.3. Vertical and Horizontal Specialization within Libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Figure 8.4. The Flow of Authority within a TraditionalRead MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 Pagesstrategic choices and strategy in action covered later in the book, it will normally be a prerequisite that some type of analysis of the strategic position is undertaken, using the case material. When planning the use of these cases with in programmes, care needs to be taken to balance the time taken on such strategic analysis so as to allow the time required to analyse the main issues for which the case has been chosen. Where the text and cases are being used as the framework for a strategy programmeRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 Pagespremium on building collaborative relationships among a diverse cast of characters. Exciting opportunities await people skilled in project management. The project approach has long been the style of doing business in the construction industry, U.S. Department of Defense contracts, and Hollywood as well as big consulting firms. Now project management has spread to all avenues of work. Today, project teams carry out everything from port expansions to hospital restructuring to upgrading information systemsRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pagesretrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or likewise. To obtain permission(s) to use material from this work, please submit a written request to Pearson Education, Inc., Permissions Department, One Lake Street, Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458, or you may fax your request to 201-236-3290. Many of the designations by manufacturers and sellers to distinguish their products are claimed as trademarks. Where those designations appear in

Sexual Harassment Policy Free Essays

It shall remain to be the policy of this organization that no employee shall be intimidated by colleagues, male or female on sexual issues. When such incidents are reported, they shall be treated as cases of sexual harassment punishable by the measures outlined in this policy. In the case of this organization sexual harassment shall be considered to be unwelcome or unwarranted sexual advances, requests for sexual favors as well as all other verbal or non verbal (physical) conduct of sexual nature directed to an employee without his or her consented wish (Conte, 2008). We will write a custom essay sample on Sexual Harassment Policy or any similar topic only for you Order Now This company shall therefore take the following issues as sexual harassment and shall all be punishable in equal measure without discrimination, favor or fear of contradiction; ? Any form of touching or any other body contact that may be sexually suggestive. This includes but is not limited to, o Grabbing any employee around the waist o Patting or scratching or another persons back o Pecking, tickling among other things ? Unwelcome gestures, jokes use of offensive and unsolicited comments on clothing ? Unwanted flirting and repeated request for dates that are turned down ? Playing suggestive music ? Display of sexually suggestive posters, pictures or objects ? Transmitting emails of suggestive nature (Koss, 2008). Procedure for Reporting Sexual Harassment Unlike other complains that this company strictly demands that the clear channel of authority be followed, cases of sexual harassment can be reported to any person above the victim’s rank who the victim feels open and free to share the details of the harassment. After the senior officer has received these details, he is expected to channel those complains to the human resource department within eight working hours for investigation to be conducted. The human resource department shall take the case to its committee and initiate the initial fact finding mission that shall provide the facts to the case. After the facts have been gathered and there is clear evidence that the accused is guilty of sexually harassing a colleague, he or she (offender) shall be summoned and his side of the story listened. He or she shall also be expected to either approve that the misconduct he is accused to have committed are true as the case is, are true but are exaggerated, or refuse to accept the allegation. If he or she accepts the happening of the misconduct, a chance for a formal defense shall be offered where his side of the story shall be listened and contrasted with the facts given by the complainant. After cross examining the accused as well as the victim, the committee shall then take the appropriate action depending on the nature of the harassment and the facts established. Severe cases shall be punished through termination of contract and a request to the relevant state authorities for trials in the judicial systems. This policy is expected to promote the laws that emphasize equal employment opportunities. The Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) is the agency mandated to promote equal employment opportunities to all qualified citizens. It therefore discourages any form of discriminate against Sexual Harassment Age, National Origin, Disability, Race, Pregnancy, Religion, Sex or Gender. The commission also roots for Equal Pay among the workers irregardless of gender while at the same time gets to evaluate the response towards cases of Sexual Harassment Claim (Bohlander, 2007). Reference: Conte A. (2008), Sexual Harassment in the Workplace: Law and Practice, Vol. 5, New York; Panel Publishers Koss P. , (2008) Changed Lives: The Psychological Impact of Sexual Harassment. New York; University of New York Press. Bohlander, G. W. (2007), Managing Human Resources; New York, Thomson Publishers How to cite Sexual Harassment Policy, Papers

Imaginary Bookkeeper free essay sample

Under each error below is an explanation to a recently hired bookkeeper how it would be shown on a cash reconciliation.   To do cash reconciliation, we normally reconcile the bank records and company records, hence when we do cash reconciliation which is also called bank reconciliation.   Middle City Online Accounting Tutorial (2006) says that bank reconciliation compares the information in the bank statement with the companys Cash account, and finds any discrepancies.   The balances of bank and book are brought to balance under the adjusted balance method.   Hence the treatment of each of the correction of under each of the error below is assumed to be under the adjusted balance method of bank reconciliation. a. The bank recorded a deposit of $200 as $2,000. Answer: The bank balance will have to add $ 1,800 as part of the bank balance. b. The company’s bookkeeper mistakenly recorded a deposit of $530 as $350. Answer: The book balance is to be increased by $ 180 c. The company’s bookkeeper mistakenly recorded a payment of $250 received from a customer as $25 on the bank deposit slip.   The bank caught the error and made the deposit for the correct amount. Answer: The book balance will have to be increased by $ 225 to correct the error. d. The bank statement shows a check written by the company for $255 was erroneously paid (cleared the account) as $225. Answer: The bank balance will have to be decrease by $ 30. e. The bookkeeper wrote a check for $369 but erroneously wrote down $396 as the cash disbursement on the company’s records. Answer: The book balance will have to be increased by $27. PART 2 IMAGINARY DOG BREEDING BUSINESS, WANT TO BORROW MONEY, WHAT WILL SHE NEED TO TAKE TO THE BANK WITH HER ALONG WITH HER APPLICATION TO THE BANK. Below are the answers to questions in relation to Lucy’s actions on the financial statements: Question 1.   What are the effects of Lucy’s classification on the financial statements? The classification of Lucy from the liability account because the amount of $ 50,000 was a loan, to an equity account would overstate the equity account of Lucy Shafer and understate the liability account. Question 2.   Are there any ratios that might be of concern to the local bank that will be misstated by Lucy’s actions? Yes, there are ratios that may be misstated by Lucy’s actions. These include the debt to equity ratio which will be overstated because it would appear that she has little or no debt when in fact it has not.   Debt to equity ratio is used to measure financial leverage. Another ratio that will be affected is the return on equity if she has already an income statement.   Return on equity will be understated because the formula to compute the same is to divide net income to total stockholders equity.   By including the $ 50,000 loan as part of the equity would therefore decrease the return on equity assuming the same amount of income.   Her net income however is not affected because her action of reporting the interest payments as miscellaneous expenses is correct. Question 3. Do you think Lucy’s actions are unethical? Suppose Lucy’s uncle agrees to be a partner in the company and Lucy can afford to buy his share by repaying the $50,000 with interest. Does that change your opinion? As to whether Lucy’s action are unethical, the answer is yes because that violates the generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP)   but a wise auditor of the bank where she will borrow money using the financial statement,   could easily find the misstatement if the auditor will conduct verification especially the fact that the related interest payment is an expense. If her uncle agrees to be a partner then the debt to equity ratio and return on equity ratio would be correctly stated however, the fact of repaying he uncle’s share with interest is not correct, hence financial statement may still be misstated on some point.   This is because the moment that her uncle becomes a partner, both become decision-makers as partners not only to the running of the business but as to how financial information would be presented. Any repayment then to her uncle should not be considered as expense under the present accounting rules but partner’s withdrawal or drawing.   With Lucy’ treating therefore the interest payment as expense would overstate expenses and therefore understate income.   By understating income, the return on equity will still be understated by a certain degree and that would diminish her chance of borrowing because banks would normally prefer higher return on equity because the same measures profitability. Reference: 1. Middle City Online Accounting Tutorial, 2006, Chapter 7 Financial Assets {www document} URL http://www.middlecity.com/ch07.shtml,

Response to a Midsummer Nights Dream free essay sample

I grew interested in the play’s conflict, since it seems modern day typical. I, for one, enjoy watching love stories and dramas. This play, served just that purpose. Reading of the avenged lover’s, Hermia and Lysander, plan to run into the forest to marry seemed likely to be seen on a Wednesday night, 9:00PM, drama series. Which, I absolutely love! Then, the play takes a twist from reality. Helena acquires information related to Hermia and Lysander’s plan to marry, which provides her initiative to tell Demetrius. She intends on winning back the love of Demetrius. The two of them go out in search of the Lysander and Hermia, and find that they’ve all landed themselves in a forest filled with â€Å"fairies. † When introduced to the idea of fairies, I was a bit distraught. I was filled with enjoyment because the plot seemed so realistic! Discouraged from reading the play, I found myself wondering, what on earth could be the position of these fairies in the forest? Noticing that I was wondering about the fairies, made me realize that I actually was interested; otherwise I wouldn’t be thinking about it. We will write a custom essay sample on Response to a Midsummer Nights Dream or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page What a premeditated man Shakespeare is! These fairies were passionate about disrupting the love affairs of surrounding humans. Ha! He just made it more interesting. By entrance into the fairy-infested woods, the romantic lives of these couples converted to very complicated. Oberon, the King, and Titania, the Queen of all the forest fairies lead and direct Puck, or Robin, as he achieves his mischievous tactics. Oberon, decided upon mismatching the lovers as a consequence for their disturbance. He refers Puck to the power of a magical, love-bringing flower. A flower that can literally teach someone to love, why can’t we have that in real life? Puck, being clumsily skillful, uses the magic against the wrong person! He played the magic trick on Lysander instead of Demetrius, the intended target. As a result, he falls in love with the first person he see’s after awakening, Helena. Trying to undo his mistake, Puck makes Demetrius fall in love with Helena as well. Hermia is now very upset. He created pure chaos, and just the way I like it. Firstly, I am not a fan of the comedy in this play. However, Shakespeare casually, yet competently, creates a mix of humor and love. The artisans are portrayed as foolish while imitating the play of â€Å"Pyramis and Thysby. They mock words in the play, for instance when Bottom says, â€Å"Thisbe, the flowers of odious savors sweet—,† Quince corrects him with, â€Å"Odors,† â€Å"odors. † â€Å"Odious† is another word for unpleasant, while â€Å"odors† pertains to the fragrant smell of â€Å"sweet† flowers. It makes me snicker at the th ought of messing up a line so simple and a word so ironic from it’s original. Yet it feels unrelated and sort of disconnects my thought from the play. I will however say, the thought of the Athenian’s head turning into that of an Ass is a bit amusing. I find that humor is necessary when writing works filled with such seriousness and drama, it just happens to be that I am not a fan. I found this play exciting and pleasantly full of drama. Shakespeare’s works of literature are all fabulous in many different ways through use of common themes such as love and dreams. The love of these couples was at first true, but then foolishly played around with. Hermia felt mocked by Lysander and Demetrius, a feeling that most females often feel when men act in this manner. She was accustomed to these men being in love with her, and then they suddenly were in love with Helena. By morning Puck is able to undo all the spells, making all well again. They engage in a group wedding, marrying Helena and Demetrius, and Lysander and Hermia. The end of the play involves the fairies sprinkling dust to protect these couples in the future. Puck also remains to ask for forgiveness and to remember the play as though it was all a dream. The theme of love and dreams combine in this play making it an excellent eye-opener. Sometimes, things must happen for all to go the way one pleases. I enjoyed this play from beginning to end because of its realistic encounters mixed with the ideas fantasy.

Business plan of restaurant

Business plan of restaurant Introduction The business plan focuses on the establishment of a Middle-Eastern restaurant and hookah bar known as Karam. It will stand out from the competition because of its uniqueness and strong identity amongst the immigrant Arabic population. The restaurant will also offer flawless service and excellent cuisine in order to increase its market base (Covello Hazelgren, 2005).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Business plan of restaurant specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Business type This will be a restaurant that serves Middle–eastern food and will also have a hookah bar. It should be noted that hookah is a pipe, which people use to smoke flavored tobacco. The habit is common in Middle – Eastern communities and is a conventional way of relaxing. Clients will visit the restaurant in order to enjoy its tranquil atmosphere, Arabic menu, hookah sessions, and to socialize with other Middle Easterners. The business owner will employ chefs with Arabic origin and experience in busy Middle-Eastern restaurants. Furthermore, employees will have incentive programs. The business will be open from 8am to 11pm with two shifts. Location Karam restaurant will be at 451 Prince Street Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada. The place is ideal for this business because not only is it easily accessible to city residents, but there is a high traffic flow of people who will see the restaurant and thus purchase its services. One of the major ingredients to success in the food industry is visibility. The chosen location will ascertain this. It is right at the centre of an enormous Arab-immigrant population so it would be ideal. Sources of revenue The restaurant will draw its revenue from the sale of food and drinks as well as hookah. All meals will be available, including breakfast, lunch and supper. Food items will include mazza or appetizers, Khouka, Couscous in red peppers and spices, samsa, lamb, and Salata Mi shwiyya. Customers will also pay for drinks that accompany their meals. In the hookah bar, buyers will pay per session as this will ensure maximization of time spent.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Target demographic The main client base will consist of Middle Eastern immigrants in the Sydney area. Many of them long for food items that remind them of home, so it will be a superb service offering. These individuals will mostly be young as the Arabic population in Canada is relatively young (The Canadian Encyclopedia, 2013). Curious foodies who want to sample Arabic meals are also likely to frequent the restaurant. Potential marketing strategies The first mode of marketing will be signage on the building. The name Karam restaurant will be prominent on the external wall. The logo will depict an element of Arab tradition and pictures of Arabic food will also be shown. Word of mouth marketing will also be a crucial strategy, as well. Effective customer service will ensure repeat business as well as recommendations from those who enjoyed the food. Besides this, brochures and pamphlets in Sydney will advertise the restaurant. It will also have an intense advertising company on local radio stations as well as dailies where it will talk about its launch and menu items (Gilligan, 2003). Potential research sources The company will obtain information for research purposes through the use of research professionals. They will interview members of the target demographic and find out what they want. Employees and managers will also get feedback from clients in their service levels. Additionally, information about marketing and promotion will stem from books written on the subject matter (Brags, 2005). References Brags, A. (2005). Developing new business ideas. NY: Financial times Covello, J. Hazelgren, B. (2005). Your first business plan. Chicago: Source b ooks. Gilligan, C. (2003). Strategic marketing planning. NY: Butterworth-Heinemann.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Business plan of restaurant specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The Canadian Encyclopedia (2013). Arabs. Retrieved from https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en

The French Verb Souhaiter Que Needs the Subjunctive

The French Verb Souhaiter Que Needs the Subjunctive When  souhaiter (to wish or to hope for) precedes a dependent clause beginning with que, the dependent clause uses a subjunctive verb. It joins a long list of other French verbs expressing someones will, an  order, a need, a piece of advice or a desire; they all also need the subjunctive in the que subordinate clause. 'Souhaiter' and 'Souhaiter Que' When used with  que, souhaiter becomes souhaiter que (to hope that), which introduces a dependent clause that uses the French subjunctive.  Souhaiter que is all about the emotion of hoping.  Thus, it fulfills the subjunctives basic requirement  of  expressing actions or ideas that are subjective or otherwise uncertain.   Ã‚  Je souhaite quil vienne.I hope that he comes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Souhaitons  que tout aille bien.We hope that all goes well.   Ã‚  Il est  Ã‚  souhaiter que...It is to be hoped that... As with souhaiter que, the French subjunctive  is nearly always found in dependent clauses introduced by  que  or  qui, and the subjects of the dependent and main clauses are usually different, as in:   Ã‚  Je veux que tu le fasses.I want you to do it.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Il faut que nous partions.It is necessary that we leave. French Verbs and Expressions Similar to 'Souhaiter Que' Here are other verbs and expressions that, like souhaiter que, communicate someones will, an  order, a need, a piece of advice, or a desire. They all require the subjunctive in the dependent clause that  begins with que.  There are many other types of constructions that require the French subjunctive as well, which are listed and explained in the full-on  subjunctivator  (our term). aimer mieux que   to prefer thatcommander que  Ã‚  to order thatdemander que  Ã‚  to ask that (someone do something)dà ©sirer que  Ã‚  to desire thatdonner lordre que  Ã‚  to order thatempà ªcher que*  Ã‚  to prevent (someone from doing something)à ©viter que*  Ã‚  to avoidexiger que  Ã‚  to demand thatil est souhaiter que  Ã‚  it is to be hoped thatil est essentiel que  Ã‚  it is essential thatil est important que  Ã‚  it is important thatil est naturel que  Ã‚  it is natural thatil est nà ©cessaire que  Ã‚  it is necessary thatil est normal que  Ã‚  it is normal thatil est temps que  Ã‚  it is time thatil est urgent que  Ã‚  it is urgent thatil faut que  Ã‚  it is necessary that / we mustil vaut mieux que  Ã‚  it is better thatinterdire que  Ã‚  to forbid thatsopposer que  Ã‚  to oppose thatordonner que  Ã‚  to order thatpermettre que  Ã‚  to permit thatprà ©fà ©rer que  Ã‚  to prefer thatproposer que  Ã‚  to propose thatrecomm ander que  Ã‚  to recommendsouhaiter que  Ã‚  to wish thatsuggà ©rer que  Ã‚  to suggest thattenir ce que  Ã‚  to insist thatvouloir que  Ã‚  to want to *These verbs are followed by the more formal  ne explà ©tif,  in which only ne is used in negations (without pas), as in:   Ã‚  Ãƒâ€°vitez quil ne parte.Prevent him from leaving.

Advantage and diadvantage of Internet Banking Services and driving Essay

Advantage and diadvantage of Internet Banking Services and driving forces of its prosperity - Essay Example ent of the internet banking, there have been major changes and improvements in the overall banking experience and now customers can complete all transactions from the comfort of their homes (Cronin, 1997). With the current times, where almost everyone is so busy, this service is like a boon. Internet banking has grown with times and in the current times; this is regarded to be safe, secure and very beneficial to all. This system has enabled people to save a lot of time and allows the overall banking experience to be improved to a great extent. According to Comptroller’s Handbook (1999), â€Å"internet banking refers to systems that enable bank customers to access accounts and general information on bank products and services through personal computer†. Although the term is used on a daily basis, a number of people have not tried out the internet banking, for several reasons. There are a number of advantages and disadvantages of online banking and a number of factors that impact the overall growth of the concept (Shah & Clarke, 2009). This paper aims at discussing the advantages and disadvantages of internet banking and also aims at discussing the various factors that impact the performance and prosperity of the internet baking. The next section will detail the major advantages and disadvantages of online banking. Having understood a brief about internet banking, it is essential to gain a brief overview of the advantages of Internet banking. Firstly, the most important advantage of online baking is the convenience. Online banking permits people to transact from any place in the world and permits people to make transactions at their own convenient time and from the comfort of their own home. Hence the advent of internet banking has permitted users to handle their finances at anytime and from anywhere. Secondly, the internet banking is very time efficient and fast. Here the users can complete transactions at very high speeds and with almost no waiting (Cronin,

Analyzing Messages Carried in an Advertisement Essay

Analyzing Messages Carried in an Advertisement - Essay Example A meticulously construed advertisement has the power to deliver the same meaning to a host of different people through its overwhelmingly powerful imagery and symbolism. The advertisement under discussion (please see Appendix ‘A’) represents a strong combination of visual symbols that produce provocative thought in order to stimulate one to buy. The central symbol or icon is a Lolita who is depicted as being totally nude. The point in using a Lolita is rather simple – creating desire. In the Greek era, young boys embodied the essence of beauty and hence desire. The tale of Narcissus for example tends to highlight that Greek sexuality centered largely on the beauty and desirability of young boys. In a similar manner, modern Western civilization sees young girls as the embodiment of beauty and desire. The concept of Lolita has come to signify the ultimate object of desire for most in the Western world when it comes to sexuality. The advertisement uses this symbol as a central focus for anyone viewing the advertisement so that the concept of desire becomes the theme of this advertisement. In addition using the concept of Lolita has another deeply seated purpose. ... The perfume being advertised is nonetheless meant for the female audience and there would seem little point in creating desire between one woman viewing the advertisement and another posing suggestively naked in it. Rather than promote attraction between women, the advertisement is targeted to the female audience’s sexual sides so that, as mentioned before, female viewers are able to bring their own sexual side into focus. Women viewing this advertisement are provided with a strong statement along with a provocative question. The central icon is without a doubt beautiful and desirable which is a strong statement2. On the other hand, the female viewers of this advertisement ask themselves if they are like this central icon which represents a provocative question. The contention of the advertisement’s designer is to bring forth such a comparison so that the viewer asks themselves what they would require in order to be like the Lolita in the middle of the advertisement. An other thing that needs to be kept in mind when analyzing this advertisement is the projection of a Lolita who is desirable yet unattainable. The image of the girl in the middle hints at this in two different ways – the confident and self-assured look on her face provides one justification while the method she uses to place her arms near her waist signifies her personal assurance. This methodology again is not meant for the male audience but rather for the female audience who are shown a beautiful woman who is playing hard to get. The use of such symbols to provide the image of a beautiful, desirable yet hard to get Lolita is something that nearly every woman from every demographic segment wants to become. It could thus be said that the portrayal of this young

The Quest for Identity Essay Example for Free

The Quest for Identity Essay In some point of our lives, we all try to find our identities; try to find a place that we can fit in completely. Most people struggle, some does not. The question of identity is especially difficult for immigrants and their coming generations since they have different cultures and different views. In the novel The Namesake by Jhumpa Lahiri, the main character Gogol struggles with his cultural identity due to the ideological difference between him and his parents on the concept of name. According to Bengali naming traditions, everyone has two names, a pet name and a good name. The good name is for the public to use, the pet name is for family and friends to use in private places, it is also â€Å"a persistent remnant of childhood, a reminder that life is not always so serious, so formal, so complicated. They are a reminder, too, that one is not all things to all people† (26). Different traditions represent different cultures; In the United States, many people name their son after the father or the grandfather to honor the elders and also act as a symbol of heritage. On another hand in India, every name is sacred and cannot be inherited. Ashima and Ashoke decided to name their first child Gogol, this name doesn’t just represent the life of this child, it also represents the life of the father-Ashoke. However, this shapeless and weightless name has become a burden of Gogol’s life for a long long time. The first lesson that Gogol learns about his names is at the town’s public elementary school. At first, he does not want to go to kindergarten because his parents have told him that he will be call a new name-Nikhil at school which he does not want and does not understand. He is afraid to be Nikhil, someone he doesn’t know† (57). Of course, he is not the only one who doesn’t understand about the pet name and the good name. When Ashoke tries to explain to the principal Mrs. Lapidus about why they want her to call Gogol Nikhil, Mrs. Lapidus tries to understand, but ends up in confusion due to the cultural difference. â€Å"I’m not sure I follow you, Mr. Ganguli. Do you mean that Nikhil is a middle name? Or a nickname? Many of the children go by nicknames here† (58). She has never deal with this issue before, even with the other Indian students at school. And the big problem with this is that Gogol does not respond to the name Nikhil. Therefore, Mrs. Lapidus decides to ask Gogol about his own opinion towards this new name, Gogol shakes his head as his answer, so Mrs. Lapidus writes a note to Ashima and Ashoke telling them Gogol will be known as â€Å"Gogol† instead of â€Å"Nikhil† at school due to his preference. In here, Gogol is just a kid who doesn’t understand about his culture, but at the same time, the author is trying to hint us that even though Gogol is an Indian looking kid, he is Americanized; his thoughts are very different from his parents who are typical Indians. And in the United States, his parents’ thoughts are not so accepted which increases the gap between Gogol and his parents. As Gogol is getting older, he then realizes how unusual his name is. As an Indian-American, his name is neither Indian nor American, but Russian. He does not know about the story behind his name yet, all he knows is that he starts to hate his name. Before he goes to college, he decides to change his name to Nikhil officially. It seems like he believes that changing his name would make him who he wants to be. So he goes home and asks for his parents’ opinion and complaints about his name. â€Å"I don’t get it. Why did you have to give me a pet name in the first place? What’s the point? † â€Å"It’s our way, Gogol,† his mother maintained. â€Å"It’s what Bengalis do† (99). Until this point, Gogol still doesn’t accept this naming tradition because he feels inferior for his name. However, â€Å"The only person who didn’t take Gogol seriously, the only person who tormented him, the only person chronically aware of and afflicted by the embarrassment of his name, the only person who constantly questioned it and wished it were otherwise, was Gogol† (100). The conversation ends with a sentence by Ashoke, â€Å"In America anything is possible. Do as you wish† (100). This sentence sounds normal, but it is filled with helplessness and sadness. Ashima and Ashoke can’t change anything, they are just two Indians living in America, no one cares about them, not even their son. They have no choice but to give in† (60). Now, he is officially â€Å"Nikhil†, but â€Å"Gogol† is still like a splinter in his heart. He doesn’t want to touch it, doesn’t like to talk about it, but the dull pain inside his heart always reminds him that it’s there. After Ashoke’s death, he learns to seize the time with Ashima. But when he knows that Ashima is planning to move back to India, he suddenly realizes that â€Å"Without people in the world to call him Gogol, no matter how long he himself lives, Gogol Ganguli will, once and for all, vanish from the lips of loved ones, and so, cease to exist. Yet the thought of this eventual demise provides no sense of victory, no solace. It provides no solace at all (289). He finally realizes that as he gets mature, his love once are getting older too. His name will die just like the people. This shows that finally accepted himself as a whole, and this name is part of him. Maybe â€Å"Gogol† is not who he wants to be, but â€Å"Gogol† is who he really is. Ashima and Ashoke are the first generation immigrants, they consider themselves Indians, but learning to adjust their minds and live like Americans. Struggles are parts of their daily lives. Gogol, as an American born Indian, he has an Indian appearance, but growing up in America and getting American education make him a real American inside. â€Å"Living with a pet name and a good name, in a place where such distinctions do not exist-surely that was emblematic of the greatest confusion of all† (118). No wonder, the quest for identity is exhausting, but eventually, you will get to the destination. Open your mind, accepts who you really are, life is beautiful.

The Great Depression :: History

The Great Depression The Great Depression is comparable to Lennie and George's life. I would like to give a comparison of George Milton and Lennie Small to the Great Depression. The time that this story took place was during the Great Depression. John Steinbeck captured the reality of this most difficult time. During the Great Depression people needed to travel together to share chores and duties to make a living until something better came along. That is the way George and Lennie traveled. They traveled together to take care of each other but George took care of Lennie the most, because he was always getting in trouble. "You do bad things and I got to get you out." (Of Mice and Men p.11). During the Great Depression money was very scarce. You had to travel around to find a job in order to make money to survive. Lennie and George were in that type of predicament. Keeping enough money until the next job was difficult because prices were rising during the Great Depression and you had to budget your money. During this depression most people worked on farms because after the stock market crashed people realized that the reason the stock market crashed was because farms were not producing enough goods. People started to work on farms more to help everyone. Lennie and George worked for ranches and also in the fields. "He's a good skinner. He can rassel grain bags, drive a cultivator. He can do anything." (Of Mice and Men p.22). If you really look closely, George and Lennie's way of life and the Great Depression have a good deal in common. George and Lennie were outcasts in life. George Milton was small in size and a very smart man compared to Lennie. He was actually only of average intelligence. Lennie Small was a large person and very retarded. Since Lennie was so retarded he did not grasp the things that were happening around him. For example, if someone became upset about anything he would grab them and hold and squeeze until they stopped moving. Lennie would accidentally harm them and that is how he got inck smoke into the environment constantly. This disgusting smog stains buildings, covers trees, and hovers above many of our major city in large masses. Automobiles also contain some fluids that can be deadly to us and our wildlife. We often hear of gasoline spills by tanker trucks or by ships, both of which are meant to supply our automobiles with fuel.

Organisational Development Essay

Training and development is an important part of knowledge management in any given organization. For the training of staff to be effective the right instructional design model must be used. Instructional system design is a model of training, which utilizes a systematic approach to training with an aim of achieving competence through utilisation of resources available. It must be noted that in any given organization money is always a constraint and when it comes to employee training the best training model must be adapted. Instructional system design is favored over many other models in that it links training to organizational goals and as a result, it is cost effective. The workplace is increasingly becoming a place where business organizations can nurture, improve and encourage the potential and capabilities of employees. One of the most common ways in which organizations nurture these talents is by introduction of training programs which aim at preparing employees to better meet the challenges of today’s workplace. However, unless training programs are carefully constructed, such programs are unlikely to meet the demands of the market as well as individual needs of the employees and the needs of the organization. This paper discusses the important considerations worthy considering while designing training programs. Background information BBC as a company has it core values as; to inform, to educate, as well as to entertain. The vision of BBC, which entails being the most creative as well as trusted organization in the world. It is in line with the vision that a training and development strategy has been put in place. To be creative, it takes well trained staff, men and women who can forecast and remain focused in their duties. However, as (Tjepkema, 2002. 100- 130) notes, for management to perform their duties satisfactorily, they should posses the capability and means. Tjepkema, (2002. 90-94) notes that it is not the talent of employees that is important, it is how employees are helped to bring out as well as discover their talents that matters. Training and development should be geared towards making employees realize their full potential. The much experience BBC has on journalism is a positive for BBC and should be used to put the organization on a class of its own. The fact that training and development as it exists in BBC aims at offering practical education in the journalism industry is worthy mentioning. All training at BBC focuses on knowledge and skills imparting. BBC training and development has been using generally for the purpose of training operational staff. Training is also tailored to meet the ever changing needs at BBC. BBC has embraced the need for computer based programs something which is always at the centre of all training needs. There been efforts geared to meeting the fast changing needs in terms of infrastructure which can cope with today’s broadcasting practices and technology. Research and facts collection is a good step in catering for training needs and that’s evident even from the way BBC chooses its sound training facilities from electronic devices to desks. BBC ensures that all its courses lay emphasis on learning styles and flexibility. While designing the training program, it is important to bear in mind the fact that, the programs lead to the acquisition of new knowledge, change in knowledge especially in cases whereby the nature of the training is based on new skills necessary for the production functions which may require the use of new machines or different technology which the employees do not possess (Nilson, 2003. 34-35). Justification Training and learning is very relevant to today’s organizations. It helps organizations deal with talent development in the organization. As Tjepkema, et al (2002. 100- 120) notes the employees are an organization’s best asset and should be fully developed so that every single employee gives out his or her best. This is made possible by thoroughly training and employee development programs. Journalism is a fast changing business in terms of the high needs for customer satisfaction, competition as well as keeping in line with the ever-changing needs for entertainment, education as well as information. The above is challenging and any organization worthy its salt must prepare its employees for the challenge. In preparing and designing training and development practices BBC is taking the right direction. Learning in the work place has its special challenges and any good programs must factor in factors such as change in the organization and requires a combination of values, cultures and a considerable budget (Tjepkema, et al,2002. 105- 110). According to CIPD survey (2006) different organizations attach variety of importance to talent development but a big percentage (67%) believe that it leads to development of individuals who posses high potential. The report further notes that training is crucial for preparation of individuals who would take management roles in future. This is very much in line with BBC training goals which aim at developing staff into individuals who can carry out duties and responsibilities leading to customer satisfaction. In house training has been noted as the most effective method of training and development in the CIPD report of 2006. In most cases, the training targets specific groups in an organization, depending on the specific needs of every category of workers such as top company executives, middle level managers, professionals and the bottom level employees. All the above categories have very varied training needs and therefore the training programs must take into consideration such factors as; what each category of employees need. For instance, in an engineering firm, the top management may consist of administrators who are not necessarily engineering professionals, the chief executive officer who again may not be a professional as well as some managers such as the production and quality assurance managers, all of whom have different training needs. Therefore, the design of the training program must take care of each category’s special needs. The program should be designed in such a way as to match the roles and responsibilities of each employee and ensure that the training material, activities and content meet the needs, which exist for the given positions. The training should also be designed in a way in which it will take care for the employee’s past knowledge and skills. BBC has adopted in- house training strategy which is supported by yet another training and development expert (Tjepkema, et al, 2002. 100- 130) as an effective training method. However the adoption of external secondment as is evident in the BBC strategy has been criticized for being an ineffective method of training and development and it is an area where BBC should look into and perhaps change more effective practices such as coaching. The fact that BBC has identified as important, talent management is a step worthy praising. Talent management as practiced by BBC is responsible for the success of the organization as well as its position of a market leader in world’s journalism, a status which the organization enjoys as a result of being keen at staff training and development. The methods of learning are very important in the design of the training program and they should take into consideration that, employees are adults and there are some effective instructional methods, which are of preference to them. The learning process should include reinforcement of positive behaviour so as to make the learning process an effective one. In an engineering firm, most staff would need accretion, and fine-tuning of already learnt procedures (Nilson, 2003. 102). A good training program must be detailed enough to meet the goals and objectives of the organization with clear specifications of the purpose, goals and objectives of the training program. For instance, training at the bottom level of the organization is aimed at transferring new skills. This is because new technologies keep on coming especially in this age of information technology. Therefore employees need to update themselves in using the technology and especially in regard to applying the technology to speed-up production. Any effective training program must have specific, measurable, achievable, realistic and time bound objectives in which a clear definition of the goals is given (Nilson, 2003). The employees’ needs are determined in the context of the nature of work. It is also very important for the management to define the goals of the training program in order to make sure that; the training program is aligned to the organizational values. The content of the training program as well as the learner activity, which is central to the communication of the course content, is very necessary and should be determined prior to the onset of the course. The success of a training program is not entirely dependent on organization and the content of training, but rather, on the execution and subsequent follow up after the training. This is where evaluation of the success of the training program comes in. It is imperative that management gets a feedback for the training from the participants who are usually the employees. In line with the best training and development practice BBC has invested in coaching activities and that is something to be encouraged. According to Stewart and Tansley, (2001. 18- 40) coaching activity has become one of the most favored training methods by employees due to its practicability as well as the fact that organisations can expect to see results in a short time. In addition, instructional system design is easy to apply and does not require a lot of expertise something, which means that organizations can rely on their in-house trainers to carry on training programmes within the organization. Therefore, instructional system design creates an enabling environment for continuous training which implies that organizations which settle on the instructional system design are assured of continuous business improvement without worrying about incurring costs commonly associated with other training models. Training Methods can be categorized as being either `on the job’, `off the job’ or `technology-based’. ‘On the job’ training is also referred to as ‘on the site’ training. This is the training method whereby instead of trainees moving from their workplaces to a different destination for training, the trainer comes to the workplace to train from there. Once in the workplace, the trainer together with the management can choose to train under short sessions such as during staff meetings or choose to dedicate full day to training or even choose to dedicate multiple days for the training. The exact method of delivery during the ‘on the job’ training depends on the wishes of the organization. ‘On the job’ training is associated with higher chances of success because attendance is usually higher than the other two training methods for a number of reasons. First of all, trainees do not have to incur extra costs in terms of travelling to training sites this means that ‘on the job’ training is cost-effective. Another key advantage of ‘on the job’ training is the fact that the simulation process becomes easier as trainees can easily link theoretical issues to practical issues. Suggestions BBC has not done enough to ensure talent management is handled with the standards it deserves. Although, Prince, and Stewart, (2002. 55- 72) cited in-house training as the most reliable and popular training, it should be integrated with other methods such as succession planning in order to achieve maximum effects. There is a need for planners to be aware of the effect of in house training if overused and especially in the case of BBC where in house programs have been in use for several years. Over reliance on one approach of training is likely to have reduced impact as employees are more likely to start viewing it as a boring method, something which is very likely to affect effectiveness of the training programs. Instead of over depending on one type of method, this report is of the opinion that training programs such as mentoring and buddying (Dearden, (2002. 11- 32), cross-functional approach, project assignments as well as graduate development courses would yield better results for BBC organizational training needs. However, it should be borne in mind that the more programs BBC adopts, the higher the cost of investments are likely to go up. This situation calls again for constant and regular evaluation so as to make sure the organization does not invest in ineffective programs which may end up costing the organization for nothing. According to Clatterbuck, and Meggnison, (2005. 81- 106) hybrid or integrated approaches are more effective in achieving training goals than single approaches. BBC should experiment with the now popular 360- degree feedback method in order to ensure that its training and development programs remain effective. As noted by, Clatterbuck, and Meggnison, (2005. 81- 106), it is always better if an organization could involve outside help in training. This serves two purposes; one to break the monotony of having same coaches training same trainees who become used to them used to, secondly, an organisation should aim at encouraging diversity. It is evident in (CIPD,2005. 2-39), that external secondments play critical roles in ensuring that employees interests is maintained in all training programs as well as giving employees an opportunity to learn from outside the organization. However this report would like to note the observation by (CIPD, 2005. 28- 100) that not all programs will always achieve the objectives they are designed for. Therefore there are always chances that training efforts may fail to achieve their goals. This report also commends BBC for making talent management a priority as evidenced in the budget allocation awarded to the training and development programmes. However there is a need for BBC to move from the level of policy statements to action since no matter how well intended training programmes are, all that matters in the end is how far they go in assisting the organisation achieve its training goals. This report will be incomplete without highlighting some of the barriers associated with not having an effective training and development programme. The first barrier identified in BBC is that employees have a negative attitude about training and development efforts being made by the organisation. There is considerable evidence that some employees of BBC feel that they are not being involved in designing of training programmes. Dissatisfaction is also arising concerning the criterion followed by the management when deciding which employees enroll for what courses. Dissatisfaction is also seen as emanating from the perception by some employees that they do not benefit even after training in that they never get promotions or salary increments. Therefore the report challenges the management of BBC to act very fast to stamp out this emerging dissatisfaction. Positive attitude is necessary amongst the employees of the organisation. No matter how well intended, how well funded or organized the training programmes are, if the attitude amongst the beneficiaries is negative, the training is likely to be ineffective and even counter productive. It is suggested here that BBC should move fast to include all staff members in the designing and planning of the training and development. This will in turn result into a positive attitude from the employees pertaining to training and development initiatives in BBC. Conclusion To keep a business organization on the top of the market needs well-trained employees. However the training programs cost companies a lot of money and therefore should be aligned and designed so as to make them effective and efficient. A good training program is only made possible by conducting a careful organizational analysis, determination of training needs as well as the execution of the training process and the follow up to the training. The follow up is necessary as a measure aimed at sustaining the gains made by the training programs.

Different aims in life Essay

Different people have different aims in life. Some focus on power, some on wealth, some want to become a rich successful businessman, some choose knowledge & education while some choose fame. Many scholars think for hours & hours that what their aim in life is terms of the best profession which suit their lifestyle. Across the wings of time few of them discovers their aim. But there are many others who are ambitious in their very childhood and find their professional goals. These people pick up their professional aim due to their interest gathered from books, passion, and parent’s/ teacher’s guidance and meeting such kind of people. I am one of those people. My aim in life is to become successful Mechanical Engineer. After my higher schooling I want to go to Mumbai or Delhi IIT (India Institute of Technology) to pursue my Engineering in the field of Mechanics. I want to serve this world with my talent because I believe that I have what it takes. My Father and Elder sister both are Engineers. My Father is an Electric Engineer and my sister is a Civil Engineer. They are my biggest source of inspiration. Being an Engineer is my personal choice. I believe that Engineering is a very noble profession that one can choose. I want to opt the field of Mechanical because I find it quite interesting than other fields. Becoming an Engineer is not compelled by my parents; I have chosen this field because this is what I want to be in my life. These days the salaries of Mechanical Engineers are quiet high and they acquire respectable positions no matter whether they are in India or any other part of the world. Aimless life is a sin these days. Aimless people are like tired travelers without any specific destination. Whatever they do in their life is by chance or circumstances or luck that comes their way. In many cases these people do not achieve anything big in life. They just survive because they have too and they are forced to. That is why I believe that each one of us should have definite a purpose in life. To achieve success determining your targets is the first step. They should identify their qualities, talents & ability to work hard. Those who fail are not actual failures because failure is a part of success but those who fail to decide their aim are real failures in life.

Spirituality in 12 Step Programs †Theology Essay

Spirituality in 12 Step Programs – Theology Essay Free Online Research Papers Spirituality in 12 Step Programs Theology Essay The 12 step program is used by about 175 groups all over the world. This spirituality is designed to find a solution to detrimental life issues. The beliefs focus on how hidden things control us and â€Å"knowing† sets us free from those problems. The first 12 step program was Alcoholics Anonymous, then it prospered and spread throughout other organizations. You do not need to have an addiction to participate in the 12 step program. The focus is to live life centered on a â€Å"higher Power† so you will find freedom. For example, step one is to admit that you are powerless over your addiction, and step two is to believe in God’s inner peace. These steps probe you to look within yourself, as well as looking towards God. This is promising for a new outlook on life, hope, awakening, and happiness. It is a spiritual growth that has not failed for those willing to work with it. When researching this spirituality, we encountered one man’s personal experience with the 12 step program. This man, age sixty-three, began casually consuming alcohol on weekends, then he let it overpower him. He felt alone and he was in denial about his problem. He viewed drinking as his way of coping with life. Finally, he was ready to get help after many years battling alcoholism. The 12 steps helped this man get on the right path. The man realized that alcohol leads to self-centeredness. He realized that he should rely more on God’s power, not his own. After his experiences with the 12 step spirituality, he found self acceptance. This man wants to carry on the message of the 12 step spirituality: that â€Å"we† is more important than â€Å"me.† Research Papers on Spirituality in 12 Step Programs - Theology EssayLifes What IfsMoral and Ethical Issues in Hiring New EmployeesBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfResearch Process Part OneBook Review on The Autobiography of Malcolm XBringing Democracy to AfricaWhere Wild and West MeetInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenOpen Architechture a white paper

American Revolution vs. French Revolution

American Revolution vs. French Revolution From studying and learning about both revolutions, I guess you could say they had their similarities; they both had good intentions did they not? Both the Americans and the French people hungered for a new way of life, change is what they wanted. Change is indeed what they received. The American Revolution, to me, seemed more organized and well handled than the French Revolution. The Americans were tired of being under the British’s control, especially when the British tried forcing the American colonies to pay for the British army’s expenses in defending the colonists during the Seven Year War.The attempt to raise new taxes by the Stamp Act in 1765 led to riots and the law’s rapid appeal. The colonist disagreed with the British beliefs, that a single empire with Parliament as the supreme authority. The colonists were more comfortable with neither the king or Parliament interfering with their internal affairs and that no tax could be levied wit hout the consent of the people or their chosen representatives. The American colonists felt in 1776 that it was time to separate themselves from the Britain’s control.On July 4, 1776, the Second Continental Congress released a declaration written by Thomas Jefferson. The Declaration of Independence, a page of parchment, had started the war for American Independence. The Second Continental Congress then authorized the formation of the Continental Army under George Washington’s command. Washington was the best choice for the job because he had political experience and military experience in the French and Indian War. The French were eager to gain revenge for earlier defeats from the British, so they supplied weapons and money to the American colonies at the beginning of the war.Some French officers even fought along the Americans side against the British. I think at the time, this was the best alternative for the 13 American colonies. They achieved their independence as the United States of America; put together the United States Constitution, and the Bill of Rights. It seemed to have worked out for them at the time. The main cause of the French Revolution was the differences between the three social classes that existed in France at that time. There was a severe amount of injustice in the tax system.The third estate paid the highest taxes, while the first estate was exempted from paying the French chiefs taxes (taille). The second estate was excused from paying any and all taxes. The rent for the Third Estate was raised. Consumer prices rose faster than wages, enabling peoples economic ability to pay. Although the third estate made up most of the population of France, it owned less land than the first and second estate. An immediate cause of the French revolution was the near collapse of the government finances.French governmental expenditures continued to grow due to costly wars and royal extravagances. On the verge of complete financial collapse, the government called a meeting of the Estates-General. The Estates disagreed with how the Third Estate wanted to vote, therefore, the Third Estate voted to constitute itself a national assembly and decided to draw up a constitution. The results to this was finding themselves locked out of the usual meeting place, so they made the Tennis Court Oath that they would continue to meet until they produced a French constitution.These actions by the third estate were said to be the first step into the French Revolution. The king sided with the first and second estate but the common people came together with many uprisings in the summer of 1789, one in particular was the Fall of Bastille, an attack on a royal armory, which had also been a state prison. The National Assembly voted to abolish seigniorial rights as well as the fiscal privileges of nobles, clergy, towns, and provinces.On August 26, 1789, the assembly provided the ideological foundation for its actions and an educational device for the nation by adopting the Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen. The king refused the decrees on abolition of feudalism and the Declaration of Rights, but after some Parisian women threatened the royal family, King Lou is XVI changed his mind. By 1791, the National Assembly completed a new constitution that established a limited constitutional monarchy. There was still a monarch: king of the French, but he enjoyed few powers not subject to review by the new Legislature Assembly.The Legislature Assembly would sit for two years; consist of 745 representatives chosen by an indirect system of election. The king attempted to flee, but was captured and brought back to Paris. Surrounding countries feared that the French behavior and rebellion would spread to their land, so those leaders planned to force the reestablishment of the monarchy authority in France. This just brought on more fire to the French. The political groups in Paris rose against the king and the Legislature Assembly.They organized a mob attack on the royal palace, took the king captive, and forced the assembly to suspend the monarchy and call for a national convention to decide on the future form of government. The first step the Convention took was to abolish the monarch and establish republic. They also passed a decree condemning Louis XVI to death. A nation in arms was put together, very quickly. It was a â€Å"people’s† war, the entire nation was involved in the war. I’m not even sure where or when the French Revolution ends, its ever-lasting it seems.

Online Educational System Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Online Educational System - Lab Report Example This will offer the facility to effectively meet the requirements of students, teachers, and management. In addition, this will also offer the better fulfillment of needs of the online communication, data transfer, security, and privacy. The University of Grantham online system needs to be based on the number of groupware applications. In the development of these applications, each development team needs to work on a specific area of the overall system development. In this scenario, the inter-communication among all teams is really essential. However, at the time of the system merger, we can face some compatibility problems. These problems can emerge due to different development style, programming approach, and a communication interface. Therefore, when these groupware applications have combined the problems regarding the combined operational compatibility could arise. In this scenario, to resolve such problems we need to offer a better and enhanced communication interface to all development teams of the groupware applications. In this way, the inter-communication will offer effective management of the major compatibility problems. For the development of the University of Grantham online distant learning system, we will require a lot of groupware applications. The main groupware application is email based communication application. This will offer the communication facility to all the users of groupware application. Then the next main groupware application we will require is about the newsgroups and mailing list. This will facilitate the presentation of current events regarding the education. This will also provide the facility of distributing any current news to the students and teachers. Another groupware application that is required is about the video communication.  This will offer the facility to share the video lectures at the online website for the students.